What is leprosy and give information about pathophysiology of leprosy?

What is leprosy and give information about pathophysiology of leprosy?

Hansen’s disease (also known as leprosy) is an infection caused by slow-growing bacteria called Mycobacterium leprae. It can affect the nerves, skin, eyes, and lining of the nose (nasal mucosa). With early diagnosis and treatment, the disease can be cured.

How does leprosy happen?

Leprosy is caused by a slow-growing type of bacteria called Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae). Leprosy is also known as Hansen’s disease, after the scientist who discovered M. leprae in 1873.

What is the pathogenesis of Mycobacterium leprae?

leprae, is characterized by nerve damage, disfiguring skin sores and progressive debilitation that affects various parts of the body. M. leprae is an intracellular bacterial pathogen that invades the Schwann cells of the PNS. α-dystroglycan was identified as cell membrane receptor on Schwann cells for M.

Is leprosy bacillus a Mycobacterium?

Mycobacterium leprae, the organism responsible for leprosy, is a relative of M. tuberculosis, the bacillus that causes tuberculosis.

What kind of disease is leprosy and what causes it?

Leprosy: an overview of pathophysiology. Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease, is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, a microorganism that has a predilection for the skin and nerves.

Who was the first person to discover leprosy?

In 1873, Dr. Hansen discovered bacteria in leprosy lesions, which rule out that leprosy is a hereditary disease not a punishment from the gods. Leprosy mainly affects skin, peripheral nerves and mucosa of upper respiratory tract (because their optimal temperature for growth is 30°C).

How are leprosy and mycobacterial infections related?

Leprosy can be considered 2 connected diseases that primarily affect superficial tissues, especially the skin and peripheral nerves. Initially, a mycobacterial infection causes a wide array of cellular immune responses.

What are the three cardinal signs of leprosy?

The disease is clinically characterized by one or more of the three cardinal signs: hypopigmented or erythematous skin patches with definite loss of sensation, thickened peripheral nerves, and acid-fast bacilli detected on skin smears or biopsy material.

How deadly is leprosy?

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae , mostly found in warm tropical regions. It often results in severe, disfiguring skin sores and nerve damage affecting the limbs and skin. Though it’s not deadly, it can be contagious and the social stigma of leprosy, devastating.

What is the prognosis for leprosy?

The prognosis of Leprosy may include the duration of Leprosy, chances of complications of Leprosy, probable outcomes, prospects for recovery, recovery period for Leprosy, survival rates, death rates, and other outcome possibilities in the overall prognosis of Leprosy. Naturally, such forecast issues are by their nature unpredictable.

What are some facts about leprosy?

Leprosy is a chronic, progressive bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae . It primarily affects the nerves of the extremities, the skin, the lining of the nose, and the upper respiratory tract. Leprosy is also known as Hansen’s disease. Leprosy produces skin ulcers, nerve damage, and muscle weakness.

What is the cure for leprosy?

Leprosy is curable with multidrug therapy. Treatment of paucibacillary leprosy is with the medications dapsone , rifampicin , and clofazimine for six months.