Which of the following molecules is the subunit of DNA that links together to form strands of DNA a a phosphate base B a nucleotide C a codon D a polymerase?
Which of the following molecules is the subunit of DNA that links together to form strands of DNA a a phosphate base B a nucleotide C a codon D a polymerase?
Each nucleotide comprises a five cabon sugar, a phosphate molecule, and a base (nitrogen base). The nucleotides bind together with phosphodiester bonds to make DNA strands. Thus, the correct answer is ‘option D). a nucleotide.
What are the subunits of DNA and how are the two strands bonded together?
A DNA molecule is composed of two strands. Each strand is composed of nucleotides bonded together covalently between the phosphate group of one and the deoxyribose sugar of the next. Adenine always bonds with thymine, and cytosine always bonds with guanine.
What are the subunits called that make up DNA?
DNA is made of smaller subunits called nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of three components: a five-carbon sugar called deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
Where do the strands of DNA bind to each other?
During the construction of a new DNA strand, a molecule called a hydroxyl group (which contains an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom) attaches to the sugar of the last dNTP in the strand and chemically binds to the phosphate group on the next dNTP. This binding causes the DNA chain to grow.
What are the number of strands in DNA?
two strands
The DNA molecule consists of two strands that wind around one another to form a shape known as a double helix. Each strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.
What are the three parts of DNA subunits?
Nucleotides
Nucleotides are composed of three subunit molecules: a nucleobase, a five-carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and a phosphate group consisting of one to three phosphates. The four nucleobases in DNA are guanine, adenine, cytosine and thymine; in RNA, uracil is used in place of thymine.
What are the 2 pyrimidines in DNA?
The most important biological substituted pyrimidines are cytosine, thymine, and uracil. Cytosine and thymine are the two major pyrimidine bases in DNA and base pair (see Watson–Crick Pairing) with guanine and adenine (see Purine Bases), respectively. In RNA, uracil replaces thymine and base pairs with adenine.
What are the 2 strands of DNA called?
The double helix describes the appearance of double-stranded DNA, which is composed of two linear strands that run opposite to each other, or anti-parallel, and twist together. Each DNA strand within the double helix is a long, linear molecule made of smaller units called nucleotides that form a chain.
How are the two strands of DNA held together?
The two strands of DNA in a double helix are held together by pairing between the nitrogenous bases in the nucleotides of each strand. The nitrogenous base of a DNA nucleotide can be one of four different molecules: adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C).
What makes up the exterior of a DNA strand?
Nucleotides themselves are comprised of three joined parts: a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. The sugars of one nucleotide link to the phosphates of the adjacent nucleotide to form the exterior of the DNA strand, known as the sugar-phosphate backbone. The interior of the DNA strand is made up of the nitrogenous bases.
How are nitrogenous bases held together in DNA?
Pairs of nitrogenous bases on opposing strands are held together by attractions called hydrogen bonds that occur in a specific pattern. Every adenine on one DNA strand forms two hydrogen bonds with a thymine molecule on the complementary strand and vice versa.
What makes up the structure of a DNA molecule?
A DNA molecule consists of many individual structures that each contain a 5-carbon sugar, a nitrogen-containing base, and a phosphate group. What are these individual structures called?