Does valproic acid cause bone loss?

Does valproic acid cause bone loss?

Valproic acid, being an enzyme inhibitor, is also associated with decrease in BMD and increased risk of fractures. [6,38] Therefore, it has been suggested that AEDs may affect the bone metabolism through mechanisms not only associated with hepatic enzyme induction.

Does gender affect bone loss?

In summary, men and women tend to lose bone but women tend to lose bone at younger age and at a more rapid pace than men and they also have higher bone resorption markers. Smoking and weight loss are important modifiable risk factors that should be targeted when such patients are evaluated.

Which drugs can cause osteoporosis in men?

Corticosteroids. The most common secondary cause of osteoporosis, and third most common cause overall, is systemic corticosteroid use.

What gender is most affected by osteoporosis?

The prevalence of osteoporosis and the risk of fracture are higher in women than in men. This is partially due to differences in BMD, bone size, and bone strength between men and women. Even though women fracture more often, men tend to have worse outcomes after fractures.

What antiepileptic decreases bone density?

Antiepileptic Drugs Associated with Bone Disease The AEDs most commonly associated with altered bone metabolism and decreased bone density are inducers of the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, including phenytoin (PHT), carbamazepine (CBZ), primidone (PRM), and phenobarbital (PB) (6, 7,9,23,24,34).

Does Keppra affect bone density?

No changes were found in any of the measured biochemical bone markers. The level of levetiracetam dosage (low or high) was not associated with BMD or bone metabolism. The results of this study suggest that levetiracetam monotherapy does not adversely affect bone health.

Why do antiepileptics cause osteoporosis?

The AEDs most commonly reported to cause decreased bone mineral density and disorders of bone metabolism are inducers of the cytochrome P450 enzyme system (phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine, primidone). More recent studies also suggest that valproate, an enzyme inhibitor, causes abnormalities in bone health.

What are the side effects of valproate in adults?

While the average weight gain for valproate in adults is 15 lbs., a continual increase can put patients at risk for heart disease, high blood pressure, and other illnesses, according to Langone Medical Center. To prevent obesity, patients should monitor their weight closely and follow a healthy lifestyle.

How much weight can you gain on valproate?

While the average weight gain for valproate in adults is 15 lbs., a continual increase can put patients at risk for heart disease, high blood pressure, and other illnesses, according to Langone Medical Center.

Who is most at risk for liver damage from valproate?

Those most susceptible to liver failure are children under two years of age, especially if they are taking valproate in combination with other seizure drugs or have been diagnosed with another serious disorder. Children and adults, however, have a much lower risk of liver failure; one in 50,000 experience liver damage from valproate.

What happens to your hair when you stop valproate?

Valproate-induced hair loss occurs in five to 10 percent of patients who take valproate acid. Stopping the use of valproate will result in new hair growth but hair often regrows in a different texture.

How does valproic acid affect bone mineral density?

Valproic acid may reduce bone mineral density and affect bone metabolism of patients. Numerous studies have shown that the risk of fracture is increased by long-term antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Valproic acid (VPA) is one of the most commonly used AEDs.

Are there any side effects to taking valproate sodium?

Along with its needed effects, valproic acid (the active ingredient contained in Valproate Sodium) may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur while taking valproic acid:

What are the hematologic toxicities of valproate?

Hematologic toxicities of valproate are common, vary in onset and severity, are recurrent, transient, or persistent, and usually occur with a serum valproate level greater than 100 microg/mL. In most situations, even when highly clinically significant, they can be reversed with dosage reduction; dru …

How is valproate related to gonadotropin levels?

Valproate (VPA) does not induce liver enzymes, but, nevertheless, does reduce serum gonadotropin levels and increase concentrations of serum androstenedione [15], [19].